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FACTBOX-Main points of the Copenhagen Accord
(Reuters) - Sweden described last week's Copenhagen climate change summit as a "disaster" and a "great failure" on Tuesday.
The climate talks ended with a bare-minimum agreement when delegates "noted" an accord struck by the United States, China and over 20 other nations that fell far short of the conference's original goals.
Here are key points from the "Copenhagen Accord," which can be read in full at: here
* LONG-TERM GOALS
"Deep cuts in global emissions are required according to science...with a view to reduce global emissions so as to hold the increase in global temperature below 2 degrees Celsius."
* LEGALLY BINDING DEAL?
A reference in an earlier draft to adopt a legally binding climate agreement by next year was missing in the final draft. This upset the EU and a number of other nations, such as the Pacific island country of Tuvalu, which fears being swamped by rising sea levels.
* FINANCING FOR POOR NATIONS
The text says developing countries will receive: "scaled up, new and additional, predictable and adequate funding," to support both adaptation and mitigation.
Developed countries have committed to stump up $30 billion for the 2010-2012 period. Adaptation funds will be prioritized "for the most vulnerable developing countries, such as the least developed countries, small island developing States and Africa."
There is also a slightly less firm long-term goal.
"Developed countries commit to a goal of mobilizing jointly $100 billion a year by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries. This funding will come from a wide variety of sources, public and private, bilateral and multilateral," the accord says.
* EMISSIONS REDUCTION:
The accord does not contain any concrete emissions reduction goals, even though targets for 2020 or 2050 were a key aim of almost all major parties going into the talks.
Two separate appendices are attached, to be filled in with individual national goals by 31 January 2010, one for developed country targets for 2020 and one for the voluntary pledges of major developing countries.
* VERIFICATION
A sticking point for a deal, largely because China refused to accept international controls, the section on monitoring of developing nation pledges is one of the longest in the accord.
It says emerging economies must monitor their efforts and report the results to the United Nations every two years, with some international checks to meet Western transparency concerns but "to ensure that national sovereignty is respected."
* FOREST PROTECTION
The accord says "We recognize the crucial role of reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation and the need to enhance removals or greenhouse gas emission by forests," and agrees to provide "positive incentives" to fund such action with financial resources from the developed world.
* CARBON MARKETS
Mentioned, but not in detail. The accord says: "We decide to pursue various approaches, including opportunities to use markets to enhance the cost-effectiveness of and to promote mitigations actions."
(Reporting by Emma Graham-Harrison; editing by Dominic Evans)
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