U.S. manufacturers, retailers see more China risk
* More companies see supply chain risk in China
* Concerns rise over intellectual property
* AMR says regional supply chain strategy can cut risk
NEW YORK, May 21 (Reuters) - U.S. manufacturers and retailers that get products or components from China are increasingly concerned about quality, intellectual property and rising costs in China, and more are looking at alternate sites, according to a study published on Thursday.
Twenty-six percent said China contributes the most risk to their supply chain, up from 21 percent who said so three months ago, according to AMR Research Inc, a Boston-based market research firm. Other Asia-Pacific countries and the United States were seen as less risky in AMR's quarterly survey.
"The perception of risk has increased in China," said Kevin O'Marah, AMR's chief strategist.
The group works on supply chain issues with companies such as Boeing Co (BA.N), Cisco Systems Inc (CSCO.O), Intel Corp (INTC.O), Safeway Inc (SWY.N), Johnson & Johnson (JNJ.N) and Genzyme Corp (GENZ.O).
More manufacturers are concerned about labor costs in China and 51 percent cited product quality as a risk, up from 45 percent in the first quarter. More of them are rethinking their China strategy, according to AMR.
O'Marah cited Samsung Electronics Co Ltd (005930.KS), sound systems maker Bose and Hewlett-Packard Co (HPQ.N) among companies favoring other Asian countries. German toymaker Steiff will shift production back to Germany and Portugal after outsourcing a fifth of it to China in 2003.
"People are rebalancing their portfolios," O'Marah said. "They will end up not looking at China as the be-all, end-all low-cost manufacturing location of the world."
CONCERNS OVER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
AMR's survey of 133 companies found 59 percent say China poses an intellectual property (IP) risk, compared with 8 percent who said so about India and 4 percent for Eastern and Central Europe.
A quarter said IP is a bigger risk than a year ago, reflecting the extent to which China has become an integral part of the supply chain. Where before Chinese factories merely assembled products, today they make them from scratch and have greater access to engineering and sourcing information.
As a result, auto, technology and drug companies cite IP as a growing risk, O'Marah said. Machinery makers such as Caterpillar Inc (CAT.N) and Deere & Co (DE.N) are concerned about counterfeit parts. Such parts are also a "major issue" for aircraft makers, including Boeing.
Boeing -- along with Cisco Systems, Jabil Circuit Inc (JBL.N) and FedEx Corp (FDX.N) -- are members of a supply chain risk leadership council, whose goal is to set standards that would allow manufacturers to grade a supplier, or a whole country, based on its risk profile. Continued...
