Blood vessels in rats made from stem cells: study

By Ishani Ganguli

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Stem cells taken from muscle tissue can be used to build new blood vessels for transplants, researchers reported on Friday.

They grew these stem cells on elastic biodegradable tubes to engineer new blood vessels for rats within days of extracting the cells.

The finding, presented at a meeting in Toronto, might lead to a way to create customized blood vessel grafts to use in patients with heart and kidney disease, the researchers said.

These so-called muscle-derived stem cells are adult stem cells -- distinct from the embryonic versions that are currently under debate.

The researchers sprayed, or seeded, 10 million of these stem cells into tubes just 0.05 inch (1.2 mm) in diameter.

The stem cells grew on these scaffolds for a week before the tubes were sewn into the major artery in each rat's abdomen.

Eight weeks later, they found that the graft, guided by cues such as blood pressure from the surrounding tissue, had remodeled itself to resemble a mature artery. They had layers of distinct cells, including the endothelial calls that line natural blood vessels.

In theory, these stem cells can regenerate entire blood vessels, but the researchers are still trying to figure out how much the cells actually contribute, said David Vorp at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, who led the study.