Congress panel backs bill on student loan upheaval
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The $85 billion student loan business is in turmoil and with millions of U.S. students locking in funding for the coming school year, Congress is scrambling to make sure enough money is available.
In another case of fallout from the mortgage crisis, some student lenders are having trouble bundling and selling off their loans due to a general paralysis in securitized debt markets, prompting lawmakers to take action.
A congressional committee on Wednesday approved a bill to let the U.S. Department of Education buy federally guaranteed student loans from lenders unable to sell the loans.
The bipartisan bill backed by the House of Representatives education committee in a voice vote would also let the Education Department funnel capital to state guaranty agencies that could then provide the loan money to colleges in need.
Other provisions in the legislation would try to get more federal loan money to students and ease some payment terms. The bill will head next to the House floor for a vote.
The House bill "will guarantee that students and parents are able to continue to access the federal loans they need to pay for college," said California Democratic Rep. George Miller, committee chairman.
A similar bill, which would also boost student grants, has been introduced by Massachusetts Democratic Sen. Edward Kennedy, chairman of the Senate education committee.
"The turmoil in the credit markets has become a crisis for some lenders. The question for Congress is how to prevent it from becoming a crisis for students," Kennedy said.
The House bill would additionally call on federal financial institutions, including the Federal Financing Bank (FFB), to pump liquidity into the student loan market.
The FFB, set up in 1973 under the Treasury Department, can buy any obligation issued, sold or guaranteed by a federal agency. Some in the student loan industry are also urging the Federal Reserve to get involved in ensuring loan supply.
POLITICAL IMPACT WEIGHED
Policy analysts and industry lobbyists were sorting through the political ramifications of a government rescue of the nation's largest, most controversial student loan program -- the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP).
Major lenders involved in FFELP include industry leader Sallie Mae, Citigroup, Bank of America Corp, JPMorgan Chase and many others.
Jaret Seiberg, a policy analyst at investment advisory Stanford Group Co, said letting the Education Department buy loans "could lead to the end of FFELP. It shows that private capital is not up to the task of providing FFELP loans."
But Andrew Parmentier, a managing director at financial firm FBR Capital Markets, disagreed.
"I don't see the end of the FFELP industry as a potential outcome," he said, adding that much still depends on what sort of bill emerges from the interplay between House and Senate.
Luke Swarthout, higher education advocate for the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, a watchdog organization, said: "Both the Senate and House proposals need serious changes to ensure that there is no unintentional creation of a third loan program.
"These bills clearly seek to help students, but unfortunately contain some flaws and could undermine some of the reforms Congress passed last year."
Dozens of lenders have recently withdrawn from FFELP because they could no longer sell loans onto the secondary market, reflecting a new wariness among pension funds and other institutional investors about buying asset-backed securities.
The profitability of the FFELP business also fell recently when Congress slashed government subsidies to FFELP lenders.
(Reporting by Kevin Drawbaugh; Editing by Andre Grenon)
