Turkish women gain voice in fight to stay secular

The women accuse the government of cronyism and point to a bid -- thwarted by the EU -- to criminalize adultery in 2004.

Critics say such women are scare-mongers failing to adapt to a changing Turkey where rural people have moved to the cities, become educated and richer, but kept religious ways.

"Yes, it is fear. But it is the fear of losing social power more than fear of not being able to keep their lifestyles," columnist Gulay Gokturk wrote in religious-leaning daily Bugun.

NEW MOMENTUM

The head of one of Turkey's top courts, Sumru Cortoglu, called on fellow women in May to defend the rights given to them by Ataturk and to take a larger role in politics.

The parties also seem to be listening: some have cut or waived for women a fee charged for being a candidate. The AK Party has said it wants 81 women for Turkey's 81 provinces.

Work by NGOs and party initiatives to encourage women to run have played a part, but protecting secularism is also a factor.

"We think that in order to protect secularism, women being represented is a very important example," said Inci Bespinar, who has applied to be a candidate for the staunchly secularist main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP).

Some obstacles remain: internal polls are not held for candidates and voters choose lists not individuals, so women's success depends on where party leaders put them on the lists.

But activists and politicians say a new momentum has been built, helped partly by the protests which got women noticed as a political force and made them feel they had popular support.

"Women are moving now. It's new, it's a big change," said CHP deputy Gulsun Bilgehan. "(It's) fear of losing their freedom and their independence ... Turkey is a lonely single country in the Islamic world."